The Maths of Crowds

Törmätä johonkin

To collide with (its neighbours)

Noudattaa, totella

To obey (three local instructions)

Nousta esiin, syntyä jostakin

To emerge from (simple rules)

1. What is the writer's main point in the text? — Large-scale patterns can arise from individuals following a few basic rules
2. What did Craig Reynolds' simulation demonstrate? — That lifelike flocking can be produced without any leader or overall view
3. According to the text, how can a traffic jam form even though there is no accident or roadworks? — One driver's small overreaction is amplified by the drivers behind